Pablo Ruiz Y Picasso

Pablo Ruiz y Picasso was born in 1881 in the city of Malaga, Spain. His father was an artist and art teacher. Pablo talent emerging in the very young age and he was a painter, leader of the teenage years. In 1904 he settled in Paris and for the next stay in France. Picasso really was a very productive artist. During his life as an artist was unusually long - about the time three
quarters of a century - he has created more than 20,000 art separate from each other, averaging more than five papers in a week that lasted for 75 years! The vast majority of that time, his work has always stood at the forefront in terms of high prices, because the Picasso became a very wealthy man. He died in the town of Mougins, France, 1973.

Anyway, Picasso no doubt a versatile artist who rarely standard appeal. Although primarily a painter's name, he also did a lot of sculptures. Plus, he's ballet stage designer; he struggled with the art of making pots, leaving a large number of works of lithography, painting over the lines using a pencil or chalk from many other branches of art.

But as a temporary artists, Picasso was also interested in earnest on political issues. In fact, masyhurnya painting "Guernica" (1937), inspired by the events in the Spanish civil war. Several other works also have political significance.

Many famous artists is marked by a range of basic styles. Picasso was not the case. He displays the vast spaces of various styles are astonishing. Art critics gave nicknames like "blue period," "pink period," "neo-classical period" and so on. He is one of the forerunner of "Cubism," He sometimes participating, sometimes oppose new developments in the world of painting, modern painting. Perhaps no artist in history who could do the work with quality so high with through so many styles and ways.

Not all of the schools of art have long-term effects. Although Picasso praised in the 20th century, be questioned whether in future Centuries later still honored it Could Happen, or whether its effect will soon disappear in the time soon. It was clear, there is no guarantee that convincing to answer such a question. However, a consensus of contemporary art critics say that the influence of Picasso will still have an important weight in the future. Though clearly, we can not ensure the continuation of critical weight as Pablo Picasso could we do with artists who have stood the test of the time.

Stephen Hawking

Stephen Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 from Dr. partner. Frank Hawking, a biologist, and Isobel Hawking. He has two siblings, that is Philippa and Mary, and brother of adoption, parents Edward.Orang Hawking lives in North London and moved to Oxford when Hawking's mother was pregnant with her to find a safer place. (London was under attack German Luftwaffe). After Hawking was born, the family returned to London. His father then headed the division of parasitology at the National Institute for Medical Research. In 1950, Hawking and his family moved to St. Albans, Hertfordshire.

There he attended St. Albans High School for Girls from 1950 to 1953 (in those days, men can get into the girls' school until the age of ten years). From the age of eleven, Hawking goes to St. Albans

Stephen Hawking is a theoretical physicist. He was a Lucasian professor of mathematics at Cambridge University and a member of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. He is known for his contributions in the field of quantum physics, especially because of his theories concerning the theory of cosmology, quantum gravity, black holes, and Hawking radiation. One of his writings is A Brief History of Time, which is listed on the London Sunday Times bestseller list for 237 consecutive weeks. In 2010 Hawking with Leonard Mladinow compile the book The Grand Design.

Despite having tetraplegia (paralysis) due to amyotrophic lateral amiotrofik, continued his scientific career for over forty years. The books and public appearances he made as a celebrity academic and theorists world-renowned physicist.

Hawking was always interested in science. He was inspired by his math teacher named Dikran Throne to study mathematics at university. His father wanted Hawking into University College, Oxford, where her father had attended. Hawking then studied natural science. He got a scholarship, and then specialize in physics.

Having received his B.A. at Oxford in 1962, he stayed to study astronomy. He chose to go to learn that studying sunspots and Hawking did not suit him more interested in theory rather than observation. Hawking then entered Trinity Hall, Cambridge. He studied theoretical astronomy and cosmology.

Soon after arriving in Cambridge, symptoms of amyotrophic lateral amiotrofik (ALS) which will make him lose almost all control neuromuskularnya began to emerge. In 1974, he was unable to eat or wake up alone. Her voice becomes clear that only can be understood by those who knew him well. In 1985, he was hit by pneumonia and tracheostomy should be done so that he can not speak at all. A Cambridge scientist makes a tool that allows Hawking to write what he wants to say to a computer, and then be articulated through a voice synthesizer '

Hawking believes that extraterrestrial life exists, and it uses a mathematical basis for his assumption. "According to matematisku brain, the figure shows that the existence of aliens is very rational. The biggest challenge is to predict what kind of aliens." He believes that aliens not only exist on the planets, but probably also elsewhere, such as stars or floating in the vast space. Hawking also warn that some alien species may have an advanced civilization and could threaten the Earth. Relationship with such a species could endanger the entire human race. He said, "If aliens are visiting us, the result will be the same as when Columbus landed in America, which did not end well for Native Americans". Hawking also suggested, rather than trying to contact aliens, we should avoid contact with

Hawking married to Jane Wilde, a language student, in 1965. Jane Hawking care of it until their divorce in 1991. They divorced because of the pressures of fame and increased disability Hawking. They have three children: Robert (born 1967), Lucy (born 1969), and Timothy (born 1979). Last Hawking married his nurse, Elaine Mason (formerly married to David Mason, a computer designer talk Hawking), in 1995. In October 2006, Hawking asked for a divorce from his second wife.

When asked about the IQ in 2004, Hawking replied, "I do not know. People who boast IQ is a loser."

Hawking takes an agnostic position on the issue of religion. He has used the word "God" (metaphorically) to illustrate points in his books and speeches. His ex-wife, Jane, said during divorce proceedings that Hawking is an atheist. Hawking said that he was "not religious in common sense" and he believes that "the universe is governed by the laws of science. The law may be made by God, but God did not intervene to break the law." Hawking to compare religion and science in 2010, stated: "There are fundamental differences between religions, based on authority, [and] science, based on observation and reason. Science is going to win because it's proven."

In September 2010, The Telegraph reported, "Stephen Hawking has stated that God is not the creator of the universe". Hawking writes in his book, The Grand Design, that "Due to a law like gravity, the solar system can and will form itself. Spontaneous Creation is the reason why there is now 'something' and not nothingness, why the universe exists and we exist. There is no need asking the Lord to start moving things and the universe. "

References:
- Http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Hawking

Albert Einstein

 Albert Einstein (14 March 1879-18 April 1955) is a theoretical physicist who is widely regarded as the greatest scientist of the 20th century. He put forward the theory of relativity and also greatly contributed to the development of quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, and cosmology. He was
awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect and "services to Theoretical Physics". Having formulated the theory of general relativity, Einstein became famous throughout the world, an unusual achievement for a scientist. In his old age, his fame beyond the fame of all scientists in history, and in popular culture, says Einstein is considered synonymous with intelligence or even genius. His face is one of the most known around the world. In 1999, Einstein called the "People of the Century" by Time magazine. Popularity has also made the name "Einstein" is widely used in advertisements and other merchandise, and finally "Albert Einstein" is registered as a trademark. To appreciate them, a unit of the photochemical named Einstein, a chemical element named after einsteinium, and a named asteroid 2001 Einstein.
Biography
 
1. Youth and university
Einstein was born in Ulm in Württemberg, Germany, about 100 km east of Stuttgart. His father named Hermann Einstein, a salesman feather bed which then undergo electrochemical work, and his mother was Pauline. They were married in Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt. Their families were of Jewish descent; Albert schooled in Catholic schools and for his mother wishes he was given violin lessons. At age five, his father showed him a pocket compass, and Einstein realized that something in space that is "empty" acted upon the needle; he would later describe the experience as one of the most evocative in his life. Although he made models and mechanical devices as a hobby, he is considered a slow learner, possibly caused by dyslexia, shyness, or because the structure of the rare and unusual in his brain (examined after his death).
At the time little Albert Einstein look retarded because his speech is very late. Quiet temperament and likes to play alone. November 1981 born sister named Maja. Until the age of seven years of Albert Einstein like mad and throwing things, including his brother.
Interest and passion for the field of physics appear at the age of five years. While I was lying weak from illness, his father presented him with a compass. Albert was fascinated by the wonders of small compass, so he made up his mind to open the veil of mystery surrounding the majesty and grandeur of nature.
Although quiet and do not like to play with his friends, Albert Einstein still able to excel in school. Raportnya good and he became the champion class. In addition to school and to cultivate the science, Albert activities was play music and sing with her mother playing the works of Mozart and Bethoveen.
Albert spent his early studies at the ETH (Eidgenoessische Technische Hochscule). At the age of 21 years Albert passed. After graduation, Albert tried to apply for a job as an assistant lecturer, but was rejected. Albert finally got a temporary job as a teacher in high school. Then he got a job at the patent office in Bern. During that time Albert continued to develop science of physics ..
He later credited to the theory of relativity to this slowness, saying that by pondering space and time than other children, he was able to develop a more developed intelligence. Another, more recent, about the mental development is that he suffers from Asperger's Syndrome, a condition associated with autism. Einstein began to study mathematics at the age of twelve years. There are rumors that he failed in mathematics in his education, but this is not true; replacement in the assessment unnerve the following year. Two of his uncle helped to develop interest in the intellectual world during the late childhood and early adolescence by providing suggestions and books on science and mathematics. In 1894, following the failure of his father's electrochemical business, the Einsteins moved from Munich to Pavia, Italy (near Milan). Albert stayed behind to finish school, finish a semester before rejoining his family in Pavia. Failure of the liberal arts portion of the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich) in the next year is a step backwards; j him by his family sent to Aarau, Switzerland, to finish high school, where he received a diploma in 1896 , Einstein several times to register at the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule. In the following year he took off his Württemberg citizenship, and become bekewarganegaraan.
In 1898, Einstein met and fell in love with Mileva Maric, a Serb who is a classmate (and friend of Nikola Tesla). In 1900, he was awarded a degree to teach by the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule and was accepted as a citizen to gain further insight Switzerland in 1901. During this time Einstein discussed his scientific interests with his close friends, including Mileva. He and Mileva had a daughter named Lieserl, born in January 1902. Lieserl, at that time, was considered illegitimate because the parents were married.

2. Work and doctorate
Upon graduation, Einstein could not find a teaching job, because his brashness as a young man had apparently irritated most of his professors. The father of a classmate helped him obtain employment as a technical assistant examiner at the Swiss Patent Office dalah 1902. There, Einstein judged the inventors' patent applications for devices that require pengatahuan physics. He also learned to realize the essence of applications despite sometimes poor descriptions, and learn from the director how "to express myself properly." He occasionally rectified their design errors while evaluating the practicality of their work. Einstein married Mileva on 6 January 1903. Einstein's marriage to Mileva, a mathematician, is the personal companion and cleverness; On May 14, 1904, the couple's first child, Hans Albert Einstein, was born. In 1904, Einstein's position at the Swiss Patent Office was made permanent. He earned his doctorate after submitting his thesis "Eine neue Bestimmung der Moleküldimensionen" ("On a new determination of molecular dimensions") in 1905 from the University of Zürich.
1905 was a year full of accomplishments for Albert, because this year he produced works that are brilliant. Here are the works:March: ekipartisi papers on applications in the event of radiation, this paper is an introduction to the light quantum hypothesis based on Boltzmann statistics. Explanation of the photoelectric effect in this paper that gave him the Nobel prize in 1922.April: his doctoral dissertation about the new determination of molecular sizes. Einstein earned his PhD from the University of Zrich.May: his paper on Brownian motion.June: Paper deals famous, namely the theory of special relativity, Annalen der Physik published under the title Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Krper (Electrodynamics of moving objects).September: the continuation of his paper in June, came to the conclusion termahsyurnya formula: E = mc2, which is that the mass of an object (m) is a measure of its energy content (E). c is the speed of light in a vacuum (c>> 300 thousand kilometers per second). Massa has the equivalence of energy, a fact that opened up opportunities of developing nuclear power projects in the future. One gram of mass is thus equal to the energy that can supply the electricity needs of 3000 homes (power 900 watts) for a full year, an amount of energy is enormous
In the same year he wrote four articles that provided the foundation of modern physics, without much scientific literature which he could appoint or many colleagues in science that he can discuss about the theory. Most physicists agree that three of those papers (on Brownian motion), the photoelectric effect and special relativity) deserved Nobel Prizes. Only the paper on the photoelectric effect would win one. It is ironic, not only because Einstein is far better known for relativity, but also because the photoelectric effect is a quantum phenomenon, and Einstein became free from the way in the quantum theory. What makes these papers remarkable is that, in each case, Einstein boldly took an idea from theoretical physics to its logical consequences and managed to explain experimental results that had baffled scientists for decades. He submitted a thesis-thesis to the "Annalen der Physik". They are usually addressed to "Annus Mirabilis Papers" (from Latin: Year incredible). Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) plans to celebrate 100 years of the publication of Einstein's work in 1905 as the Year of Physics, 2005.
 
3. Brownian motion
In the first article in 1905 called "On the Motion-Required by the Molecular Kinetic Theory of Heat-of Small particles Suspended in a Stationary Liquid", includes research on Brownian motion. Using the kinetic theory of fluids at the time was controversial, he determined that the phenomenon, which still lack a satisfactory explanation decades after his after he was first observed, provided empirical evidence (based on observation and experimentation) the reality of atoms. It also lent credence to statistical mechanics, which at that time also controversial. Before this paper, atoms were recognized as a berguan concept, but physicists and chemists hotly debated whether atoms really a tangible object. Einstein's statistical discussion of atomic behavior gave experimentalists a way to count atoms by looking through an ordinary microscope. Wilhelm Ostwald, a leader of the anti-atom school, later told Arnold Sommerfeld that he had converted to complete Einstein's explanation of Brownian motion.
1909, Albert Einstein was appointed as a professor at the University of Zurich. 1915, he completed both his theory of relativity. The highest award for his hard work paid off with since childhood he took the 1921 Nobel Prize in physics. In addition Albert also developing quantum theory and unified field theory.
In 1933, Albert and his family moved to the United States for fear of his scientific activity - either as teachers or as researchers - disturbed. 1941, he took the oath as a citizen of the United States. Because of his fame and his sincerity in helping others who struggle, Albert was offered to Israel's second president. But this position was rejected because he did not have competence in that field. Finally on April 18, 1955, Albert Einstein died leaving behind great works that have changed world history.
However, Albert had wept bitterly in the liver because of his great work - general and special theory of relativity - is used as inspiration for making atomic bombs. The bomb is dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II took place.

References:
http://id.wikipedia.org
http://stevyhanny.blogspot.com